KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEIVED RISK OF MAJOR DISEASES Essay Example For Students

Information AND PERCEIVED RISK OF MAJOR DISEASES Essay Information AND PERCEIVED RISK OF MAJOR DISEASESGeneral Psychology, Course 02587-588AbstractThe American Psychological Association Journal Article this paper depends on centers around the information on wellbeing related dangers and practices of middle age and more seasoned age ladies, and explicitly womens â€Å"knowledge of saw danger of major disease† (Wilcox ; Stefanick, 1999). A connection among way of life and interminable sickness in mature age has been built up. What's more, the conviction that age was a hazard factor for bosom and colon disease really diminished with expanding age among ladies. The populaces general information on CHD chance elements has gone up in late time. Ladies, African-American ladies explicitly are still bound to bite the dust from CHD instead of men. The investigation utilized an overview which they had ladies age 40 and more seasoned round out. Data mentioned about the ladies who rounded out the review was their age, conjugal status, training level and ethnic birthplaces. Different factors announced in the examination that were estimated were the hazard factors ladies portrayed in the review that were applicable to CHD, bosom malignant growth, colon disease and different medical issues. The review likewise contained inquiries in regards to what the ladies thought were the main sources of death of ladies in particular age gatherings and sex gatherings. The ladies in the investigation were likewise addressed with respect to their apparent general danger of a ladies building up a significant malady. The motivation behind this investigation was to pick up understanding into what ladies think about genuine ailments i.e., CHD, lung malignancy, bosom malignant growth, colon malignant growth and genital organ disease and the hazard factors related with building up these infections. Additionally the scientists were endeavoring to decide how ladies see their own odds of building up a genuine ailment and what they think about passings because of the previously mentioned ailments in the review and applying their insight across gatherings of people and different age gatherings. It is notable that the quickest developing area of the populace in the United States is the senior residents. At the point when Baby Boomers, those conceived somewhere in the range of 1946 and 1964, arrive at retirement age (a few associations permit workers 55 years of age to take full retirement) which could start one year from now for a few and will keep on expanding the more seasoned age or senior populace of the United States (U.S. Authority of the Census USBS, 1996a). The American Psychological Association Journal Article this paper depends on centers around the information on wellbeing related dangers and practices of middle age and more established age ladies, and explicitly womens â€Å"knowledge of saw danger of major disease† (Wilcox ; Stefanick, 1999). As individuals get more seasoned, they are progressively vulnerable to illnesses and other incapacitating conditions. Their very endurance becomes troublesome in light of the fact that as they age they are bound to create infections, for example, coronary illness (CHD), disease of the lung, colon, bosom and genital organs. Ladies frequently live longer than men do and their death rates are not exactly the rates for men. Since ladies are living longer they are bound to encounter ceaseless disease during their later long stretches of life. In spite of the fact that this is valid for some ladies, it doesn't need to be. A connection among way of life and constant sickness in mature age has been built up. Way of life factors or propensities, for example, absence of activity, smoking and awful or undesirable dietary patterns have been firmly connected to CHD (McGinnis ; Foege, 1993). Rather than dealing with an interminable illness, for example, CHD or diabetes we ought to have more spotli ght on forestalling the sicknesses that sway the wellbeing and personal satisfaction for our maturing populace inside and out and explicitly ladies. The counteraction endeavors could help increment the information on people and this information must be known or individuals won't change their unfortunate propensities (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1999). A disturbing report referenced in the article this paper depends on â€Å"The 1992 National Health Intervention Survey Cancer Control Supplement† discovered that most Americans didn't think about the â€Å"major chance variables for normal malignant growths and needed information in regards to endurance rates following early detection† (Breslow et. al., 1997). For instance, near 66% of Americans didn't realize that age expanded one’s hazard for bosom and colon malignant growth, and more than one half accepted that the possibility of endurance following the early recognition of colon disease was reasonable or poor. Moreover, the conviction that age was a hazard factor for bosom and colon malignant growth really diminished with expanding age among ladies. Coronary illness is the main source of passings for the two people the same (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1999). The populaces general information on CHD chance variables has gone up in ongoing time. These days more individuals know about CHD hazard factors than any time in recent memory, yet there are a few areas of the populace that are still not as educated as they ought to be. These areas of the populace are those people who will in general be â€Å"less educated† and are â€Å"ethnically different. (Davis, Winkleby, and Farquhar, 1995; Smith, Croft, Heath, and Cokkindes, 1996). There has, as of late been a decrease in passings owing to cardiovascular infection in the United States. Ladies, African-American ladies explicitly are still bound to pass on from CHD rather than men. (American Heart Association, 1997.)Studies have been led on the information and saw hazard factors yet they have concentrated for the most part on one explicit ailment and not on data applicable to ladies explicitly. There are not a great deal of studies that have been done to decide the information and saw dangers ladies may have about their odds of creating, controlling or forestalling a genuine malady. It is significant that more be done to take a gander at women’s individual information on sicknesses and the distinctions among different age bunches attention to data in regards to hazard factors related with genuine ailments and how these ladies see themselves and their conceivable helplessness to creating genuine infections. In the event that more examinations were done on these angles and the focal point of the investigation was to look at these factors, it could prompt progressively solid and valuable outcomes. On the off chance that a hypothesis is tried and retested and comparable outcomes are reported, at that point it is progressively dependable data to use to assist ladies with turning out to be better taught and increasingly dynamic in forestal ling genuine and possibly hazardous maladies. Likewise these investigations could be compelling in building up a connection between these perspectives, and early location testing which would bring about changing of wellbeing practices with the goal that these ailments can be forestalled all the more frequently. Free Grapes of Wraths: Character Grapes Wrat EssayNext the members answers to the study questions were dissected. The examination for members familiarity with passings because of explicit sicknesses was finished by looking at the responses to the inquiries to decide whether the level of right answers and these were contrasted with the objective gatherings the inquiries related to so as to decide whether there were any varieties dependent on track gatherings. Additionally the impression of the members were dissected regarding the matter of general hazard, individual hazard, control and preventability concerning the sicknesses referenced in the study. To do this the analysts utilized systematic approachs to assess the free factors and ward factors in the study. Because of certain members answers to questions in regards to chance variables in the study a few members were excluded from the investigation. A portion of the ladies had just built up a portion of the ailments the study depend ed on so they couldn't be utilized in the investigation. The consequences of the examination can not be utilized for everyone of middle age or more established ladies on the grounds that the example of 200 ladies from the San Francisco Bay zone didn't contain a balanced gathering. The example utilized did exclude members in shifted bunches illustrative of instructive levels, distinctive financial foundations or ethnic assorted variety. With respect to members information on the causes passing for the distinctive objective gatherings, the rates of exactness fluctuated from one objective gathering to the another. The members were bound to know the reasons for death for more established men than for more established ladies, and were bound to know the reasons for death for more youthful gatherings remembered for the study than for ladies when all is said in done. The reason for this examination was to pick up knowledge into what ladies think about genuine illnesses i.e., CHD, lung malignancy, bosom malignant growth, colon malignant growth and genital organ malignant growth and the hazard factors related with building up these maladies. Additionally the scientists were endeavoring to decide how ladies see their own odds of building up a genuine malady and what they think about passings because of the previously mentioned infections in the review and applying their insight across gatherings of people and different age gatherings. The examination was likewise centered around exposing the information levels of the ladies studied and simultaneously the outcomes can be utilized to decide zones where the social insurance field might have the option to concentrate on, to improve wellbeing practices. The reason for this investigation was to pick up understanding into what ladies think about genuine malady and what they think about reasons for death and hazard factors as they identify with the ailments took a gander at in the review and applying their insight across gatherings of people of different age gatherings. I need to state that article didn't offer a great deal in the method of usable data on everybody of ladies on the grounds that the example size was little, generally White, exceptionally taught ladies. Low pay, other instruction levels and ethnic gatherings were not satisfactorily spoken to. In any case, I get it is a beginning toward realizing what ladies know and how to assist them with learning better mend

Governments On Preventing Air Pollution In Colombo Environmental Sciences Essay

Governments On Preventing Air Pollution In Colombo Environmental Sciences Essay Air contamination is the nearness in the open air climate of at least one contaminants, for example, dust, exhaust, gas, fog, smell, smoke, or fume in amounts and of qualities and span, for example, to be harmful to human, plant, or creature life or to property, or to meddle nonsensically with the agreeable satisfaction throughout everyday life and property. 1. Air is the exceptionally essential need of each living life form. Air is basic to life on earth. All living beings require respectably unadulterated air, and they can't get by without it. Air is viewed as protected when it contains no hurtful residue and gases. Air contamination impacts an unnatural weather change, ozone consumption, corrosive downpour and different respiratory sicknesses. 2. The air contamination has exacerbated in most enormous urban communities in the creating scene. In Sri Lanka, Colombo city is confronting this issue because of the profoundly expanded vehicle discharge and scarcely any other natural issues. The high thickness of populace and industrialization is the other most significant natural issues that have drawn the consideration of policymakers, executives, and tree huggers in the ongoing past. Most nations on the planet are attempting to give an answer for air contamination in their nations by reconsidering their strategies, rules and guidelines. Anyway Sri Lanka is as yet not made a decisive move to change the ecological approaches, rules and guidelines to forestall air Pollution. 3. Colombo is the primary business and business center point of Sri Lanka and subsequently, numerous individuals are shown up into the city day by day. The focal area, which involves Fort and Pettah, gives in excess of 100,000 occupations and is assessed to have a daytime populace of more than 650,000. The more prominent Colombo region contains in excess of 4 million individuals or 26% of the countrys populace, yet covers just 5.6% of the whole land zone. Outside the city, Katunayake Bandaranaike International Airport and the Free Trade Zone further increment traffic blockage in Colombo. As the most significant business and authoritative focus, Colombo draws in the greatest number of vehicles and people. In this manner it is exceptionally powerless against wellbeing dangers because of vehicle emanations. 4. Perfect, dry air contains 78.09% nitrogen by volume and 20.94% oxygen. The staying 0.97% is made out of a vaporous blend of carbon dioxide, helium, argon, krypton, nitrous oxide and xenon, just as modest quantities of some other natural and inorganic gases whose sum in the environment differ with time and spot. Different measures of contaminants persistently enter the climate through both normal and man-made procedures that exist upon the earth. Man as a toxin has named that part of these substances which connects with nature to cause poisonousness, illness, tasteful pain, physiological impacts or ecological rot. 5. The human exercises are the essential driver of contamination and as the populace builds, the chaperon contamination issues likewise raise proportionately. The first huge change in quite a while impact of nature accompanied his revelation of fire. Ancient human assembled a fire in his cavern for cooking, warming and to gracefully light. The issue of air contamination appeared right now. Goals 5. General Objective. To break down the duty of the Government and its specialists towards the lessening of air contamination in Colombo City and offer proposals to forestall Air contamination in Colombo City. 6. Explicit Objectives. The particular destinations of the examination are as per the following. a. To look at the different Air contaminations. b. To look at the effect of the air contamination. c. To look at the activities taken by the Government and its specialists to forestall Air Pollution in Colombo City. d. To examine and propose the proposals for executions dependent on the discoveries of the examination. Part 02 Approach Explanation OF PROBLEM 1. The air contamination in fundamental urban communities in creating nations is one of the main basic condition issues. The wellbeing effect of the air contamination looks prone to be more noteworthy in the capital of Sri Lanka. Subsequently the obligation of the legislature and its specialists is to ensure air and limit the air contamination in the nation. 2. Notwithstanding, the activities taken on air assurance in Colombo are insufficient and not suit the current day setting. In this manner, this paper will distinguish the impacts of air contamination in Colombo and break down the effect of air contamination in Colombo City. Further this paper will examine the viability of existing lawful cures in forestalling air contamination. Theory 3. Activities taken by the Government and its specialists to forestall air contamination in Colombo City are deficient. Extent OF THE STUDY 4. This investigation will investigate the air contamination in Colombo city and the duty of the Government and its specialists and how air contamination can subvert the objectives of improvement. 5. Besides, strategies that are important on financial premise can convey huge ecological advantages. Notwithstanding, these approaches are insufficient to guarantee urban air assurance. In this way the solid open associations and arrangements for urban air security are basic. The arrangements adjusted by the Sri Lankan government in the course of recent decades to depend more on improvement. In any case, common air insurance is a region which government must maintain a focal job. 6. Look at the impacts of air contamination in Colombo and legitimacy and practicability of the current natural arrangements and guidelines in Sri Lanka. Strategy For DATA COLLECTION 7. The essential investigation shows that the Colombo city would be where the air contamination can be seen prevalently. The both essential and optional information will gather with respect to the subject of air contamination in Colombo City from the accessible assets like distributions, books and web sites. 8. The fundamental unequivocal factor is to take a gander at this issue in government and residents points of view. Subsequently, the perspectives on government specialists and residents will look to get their desires for the ideal procedures and approaches. Researchers regarding the matter and experts regarding this matter will be met through conversations. A foreordained poll will be disseminated among the chose residents in Colombo city to assimilate their perspectives. Constraints 9. This exploration study was done inside a quarter of a year of period and with constrained time. Thus it was hard to cover all the contamination demonstrated zones in Colombo territory. In this way the figuring may be demonstrated slight distinction if contrast and another exploration. It likewise confronted the trouble of finding certifiable solutions from the network. Section 03 AIR POLLUTION Climate 1. The climate encompasses the earth. It is made out of gas atoms held near the earths surface by attractive energy. It comprises of Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (20%), Carbon dioxide (0.03%) and limited quantities of latent gases, for example, argon, neon, and krypton. It additionally comprise changing measures of water. Residue participles called as particulates are additionally comprise with fluctuating sums. 2. The earths current climate comprises of a few layers as Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere. The normal creation of the climate changes little all around, with the exception of its dampness substance. The variety of dampness condition is a significant normal condition influencing plant development. Air temperature is another significant ecological condition that significantly influences both plant and creature life. Air is in steady movement and its development is makes wind. 3. A portion of the climatic gases have the ability to retain heat. These are called Green House Gasses. Carbon Dioxide, Water fume and Ozone are three of the normally make green house gasses in the climate. Green house gasses are at risk for keeping up the degree of temperature of the earth. In the event that the amount of these gasses increments in the climate, at that point extra warmth will be caught and the earths air will get hotter. These gasses have been expanding in the air lately in the earth. 4. In the ordinary condition the climate contains a layer of ozone in the environment. This layer traps a piece of Ultra violet beams and X-Rays, diminishing the measure of these malicious beams reach to the earth. Be that as it may, the presentation of Chlorofluoro carbon (CFC) in to the environment has been appeared to harm the ozone layer. CFC is compound that have been utilized for a long time in vaporized, cooling and in refrigeration. AIR POLLUTION 5. Air Pollution is the nearness in the air of at least one outside materials, for example, dust, vapor, gases, fog or smoke in amounts and in lengths which are destructive to human, plant or creature life or to properties. A gas like CO2 which is an ordinary component of the climate can in specific conditions, become a poison, when its focuses increment to levels that compromise the prosperity of living things or upset physical or natural procedures. 6. Air contamination is as old as human progress itself. The primary air contamination episode occurred, when early people made fire in inadequately ventilated or put a match to a dry woodland. In any case, it was the development of ventures after the modern insurgency that turned into the biggest motor of air contamination first in Britain, Europe, North America and afterward spread to different spots of the World. 7. Harm to the perfect air has three potential expenses to present and future human government assistance. The Health of Human might be hurt. Likewise the financial efficiency might be decreased. Furthermore, the joy or fulfillment got from an untainted regular air might be lost. Since ruined urban air issue differ across nations and with the phase of industrialization, every nation required to evaluate its own needs cautiously. Discharges from transport industry and populace development force genuine expenses for wellbeing condition and profitability in Sri Lanka. AIR POL

Dramatic Irony In The Age Of Innocence

Emotional Irony In The Age Of Innocence Emotional incongruity happens when the peruser knows about past or future occasions that make it simple to perceive the inconsistency in a characters discourse or activities. This article will investigate how and to what impact the artistic strategy of sensational incongruity has been utilized in depicting the primary issue of dissension among characters and their particular social orders in the books The Age of Innocence and The House of Mirth by Edith Wharton. This contention is both outer and inward. Now and again the general public objects to the conduct of the individual and excludes the individual or presentations its disappointment, while at different occasions the character is in a situation whether to tune in to the popular conclusion or the voice of their own psyche. This will be done through an exhaustive artistic assessment of the works being referred to, and furthermore by the perusing of pundits and Whartons own compositions on her two books. Wharton utilizes characters discourse and activities, storytellers remarks and the occasions of the two books to make emotional incongruity. This aides in the movement of key topics, portrayal, plot movement and giving a window into two unique social orders of high society New York in the late 1800s. Presentation Books of habits permit the peruser to dig into the universes of contemporary societies, giving an undeniably more enhancing experience than verifiable research. Edith Whartons works are appealing for their clearly engaging writing and somewhat ridiculing perspective on the social orders/societies portrayed. What issues tormented the ostensibly immaculate high society New Yorkers of the late nineteenth century? In The House of Mirth, Lily Bart is conflicted between her intrinsic ethics and wants and the course that she has been instructed to take by general assessment, while in The Age of Innocence, Ellen Olenska and Newland Archer are tossed into unrest, now and again disliking the imperatives and unimportant difficulties of their general public and at different occasions bowing energetically to its managing hand. In contemplating the contentions, it is conceivable to see the prohibitive nature and different parts of the two societies - their standards, the job of ladies, and their p oint of view toward issues, for example, marriage and separation. Since the two dissidents are individuals from the social orders they condemn, perusers can see society from within just as the outside, as they think about cultural standards. All through the books, the peruser is made to take discernment of past and future occasions to feel the effect of a specific line or circumstance. Along these lines, Edith Wharton viably utilizes sensational incongruity to feature one of the key issues in her books the conflict between singular decision and societys implicit principles. Marriage and Love In the event that she didn't wed him? [1] Lily Bart asks herself as she seeks after Percy Gryce. She is as far as anyone knows certain about him and sure of herselfâ [2]â , however the ifâ [3]â in her brain is the primary sign of her takeoff from societys desires. The sensational incongruity lies in the way that the peruser is very much aware that Lily really wants to wed Percy Gryce, yet Lily herself is uninformed of this reality. At last, her own ironyâ [4]â cuts deeperâ [5]â for she is the person who needed the marriage, but then it is she who intentionally drives Gryce away. This episode denotes the start of the consistent conflict between what she needs to do and what she is required to do. Lilys question after she loses Gryce-What wind of habit had driven her out again on those dull seas?â [6]â is amusing in light of the fact that the breeze of follyâ [7]â is in all honesty herself. The representation likewise uncovers the pointlessness of society, as the excurs ion of existence without the solace of cash and a spouse is viewed as dull seasâ [8]â . It depicts the degree of the womens reliance on men. The issue of marriage emerges again when Rosedale requests Lilys hand during her rejection from society. Lily needs to stop and think about that, in the pressure of her different nerves, as a short of breath outlaw may need to delay at the go across streets and attempt to choose coolly which go to take. [9] The comparison draws out the strain in the circumstance and there is an unmistakable clash between Lilys natural repugnanceâ [10]â and long periods of social disciplineâ [11]â . Unexpectedly, it was prior Rosedale who was dependant on Lily to give him a grant into society. the intensity of society is featured here-it can represent the moment of truth an individual. Rosedale inevitably dismisses Lily, as in the time that goes between his proposition and her answer, he had mounted closer to the objective, while she had lost the abili ty to curtail the rest of the means of the way. [12] Achieving a situation in the public eye is spoken to as a goal; the means speak to the advancement of characters. The significance of social standing is brought out and the unforeseen new development makes incongruity since the peruser can contrast Lilys urgency and her past excusal of Rosedale. Lily understands this, and finishes Rosedales comment of Then you figured you could improve; presently Ë⠮â [13]â with You think you can?â [14]â . The sharp emotional incongruity shows Lilys plummet in the public eye and the materialistic mentalities of individuals. They are eager to give second need to love and companionship for appearances. The caesura shows that Rosedale is embarrassed about the shallowness that he is currently a piece of. In a spot of grandiose incongruity, it is the individual she scorns who causes her in her period of scarcity. At the point when Lily visits Selden, she grins, perceiving the incongruity in the circumstance. At that point she had intended to wed Percy Gryce-what was it she was arranging now? [15] The peruser can take note of the closeness in Lilys circumstance now and a year back marriage is her solitary way out, and she is remaining in Seldens family room. The peruser thinks about whether she will at last bow to the directs of society and wed Rosedale or track her own way. Over the span of the book, Lily additionally battles with the emotions that she has for Selden, a man not rich enough and who couldn't care less enough about high society to be of significant worth in Lilys social trip. They share a discussion, and Selden passes his judgment on Lilys quest for Gryce and all the things she is taking a stab at through it-cash, name and a public activity. She summarizes: Then as well as can be expected state for me is, that in the wake of attempting to get them I most likely shant like them? [16] What a hopeless future you anticipate for me! [17] In a ba rbarous touch of emotional incongruity, his words foretell Lilys future. Selden is viewed as an instinctive character who can see through Lilys desire. He anticipated that I ought to become scornful to myself!â [18]â she tells Gerty Farish. Lilys genuine character is uncovered through her shout. She becomes disappointed with the shallow, materialistic life her companions lead. This is seen again as she sets up a correlation among Gryce and Selden during supper. Wharton draws out the incongruity of the circumstance by featuring a reality, which the peruser is very much aware of: it is this correlation which is her undoingâ [19]â . The draw towards Selden that Lily feels diverts her from the undertaking of wedding Gryce, which eventually disregards her, and destitute. Lilys stroll with Rosedale become representative in the light of her prior stroll with Selden, which spoke to a powerful departure from simply such a peak as the current outing was intended to bring aboutâ [20]â . Lily herself calls attention to the unexpected differentiation to her current situationâ [21]â , in this way making sensational incongruity. At last, it is with a sort of disastrous incongruity that Selden sets out to announce his adoration to her the day after she bites the dust, thinking, It was odd that it had not gone to his lips sooner-that he had let her go from him the prior night without having the option to talk it. In any case, what did that make a difference, since another day had come? It was anything but a word for dusk, however for the morning.â [22]â The topic of illegal love goes through The Age of Innocence also, in which Ellen and Archer begin to look all starry eyed at in spite of Archers commitment and ensuing union with Ellens cousin, May. This is first foreshadowed when Archer dreams on Ellens affirmed relationship with her spouses secretary, feeling that Rich and inert and fancy social orders must deliver a lot progressively such circumstances; and there may even be one in which a lady normally delicate and unapproachable would yet, from the power of conditions, from sheer defencelessness and depression, be brought into a tie unforgivable by customary standards. [23] As the peruser knows, yet Archer doesn't, this is actually what occurs among Archer and Ellen later on in the novel. The creator utilizes this idea of Archers to contrast New York society with European ones and in a roundabout way remark on it. The descriptive words rich and inert and ornamentalâ [24]â also depict New York society, while normally touchy and aloofâ [25]â characterize Ellen. The sentence gives some legitimization to the relationship that is to create between the two characters, with the goal that the peruser can see their side just as societys. May from the outset won't rush her and Archers wedding, allowing him to leave her. May is the ordinary youthful New York lady, and the way that it is her revealing to Archer that, when two individuals truly love each otherâ [26]â , there might be circumstances which make it right that they should-ought to conflict with open opinionâ [27]â adds a blaze of situational incongruity to the omniscient emotional. May is talking about Mrs. Thorley Rushworth, a more established lady with whom Archer had an illicit relationship. Strain is made when she doesn't specify names, just alluding to two peopleâ [28]â , yet Archer and the peruser at first accept that May has speculated about Ellen, for the exhortation is appropriate to Ellen and Archers circumstance. There is a shrouded analysis of society in this amusing sentence, for despite the fact that May says that society twists its standards for genuine affection, it doesn't on account of Ellen and Archer, picking rather to s

Globalization Eradicating Attachments, National Identities - 1650 Words

To what Extent is Globalization Eradicating Attachments to National Identities? (Essay Sample) Content: TO WHAT EXTENT IS GLOBALIZATION ERADICATING ATTACHMENT TO NATIONAL IDENTITIES?NameCourseTutorUniversityDateTo what Extent is Globalization Eradicating Attachments to National Identities?IntroductionIn the wake of widespread globalization and political fragmentation, the concept of nationalism has largely been affected by the wave, paving the way for the emergence of a collective society that is driven by international integration. The connection between globalization and nationalism is very complex and has been largely viewed as a force that compromises national identity (Forgues, 2013). While proponents of globalization argue that it is a force that reinforces the sense of nationalism, the concept has largely disrupted the essence of national identity. Globalizationis vital in our international world, through the formation of modernsocieties and national states, in a world characterized by increased interdependence. Despite globalization being blamed for the loss of national identity, there are still forces that argue that nationalism is benefiting from globalization and becoming a more important concept than ever. To explore the impact of globalization on the concept of nationalism and to examine their link, this discourse examines the aspects of globalization and nationalism, and the interaction between the two. Globalization iseradicating attachment to national identity as evident in the forces of cosmopolitanism, transnationalism, and post-nationalism, in a setting with declining power of the nation state. There are inconsistencies in highlighting the nexus between national identity and globalization. These differences emerge from the theoretical differences that arise from the definition of the concepts, as well as the relationship between them. While some research studies have concluded that globalization reduces the sense of identification with a nation in a globalized world, others have argued that globalization increases the sense of n ationality (Spencer Wollman, 2002). However, despite the huge debate on the link between the two phenomena, only a limited number of studies have highlighted how globalization affects the way people perceive and define national identity. With increasing globalization and political fragmentation, the biggest arising challenge is whether the nation still possesses the relevance it once had. The re-scaling of political and economic processes because of globalization has also been associated with the re-defining of national identities (Antonsich, 2009 p. 281). The threat of globalization to nationalism largely lies in the homogenizing nature of the concept, which melts down people and nationalities into one. Globalization is characterized by increased cross-border flow of commodities, persons, finances, information as well as the diffusion of cultures. Owing to the multifaceted nature of the concept, globalization has been defined as a force that restructures state functions and power, leading to a states loss of identity. The defining basis of national identity is rooted in the symbols, values, and memories that define a society (Ariely, 2012 p.463). In this sense, therefore, globalization has been viewed as a force that undermines national identity due to the fact that the seamless flow of information across borders has made it difficult for national identity to uphold its distinct significance that differentiates it from other state identities. In this global village, upholding a homogenous national identity has been largely challenged as people have now become universal consumers of commodities and information, regardless of their geographical location (Starrs, 2013). Furthermore, the world has become highly interconnected in the era of the internet, making it quite challenging for governments to exert control over its territory and citizens.Through the concept of cosmopolitanism, societies have undergone a transition in their social, political, and economic aspects under globalization. These changes have transformed the meaning of nationalism as a symbol of identification and mobilization. In this regard, the concept of national identity is becoming less significant as evident in decreasing national movementswith widespread globalization (Badger,2014). Cosmopolitanism is about the values shared as universal among humans, without prejudicing the idea of the nation. In a cosmopolitan setting, the society is subordinate to the state, both of which are confined to the dichotomy of the international setting. With increased cosmopolitanism, national values and identities have been substituted by a global culture, which is shaped by globalization forces. Globalization has been viewed as disruptive to nationalism as evident in the process of internalization. Internalization is defined through increased international trade, relations, alliances, as well as treaties between nations. Globalization has opened up relationship prospects between nati ons, as these connections become increasingly important and inevitable in a seamlessly interconnected world (Knight, 2015). Global economic integration has emerged with many former national economies forging into a single global economy. Such integration has been enhanced by free trade, increased immigration, as well as free capital mobility. The aspect of nationalism is not entirely lost, but internalization has offered increased opportunities for nations to enhance their economic growth (Ariely, 2012). There have been debates on whether the global economic integration translates into the disintegration of the nations economy, which in this sense means a loss of international identity as nations seek to be integrated into the national economy. The disintegration of the national economy is, however, necessary for economic prospects of any nation. Globalization has also led to post-nationalism; a trend whereby nations tend to lose their identities as they identify with global entiti es. The integration of political economic and cultural aspects of the world implies that nations are increasingly interconnected in trade, and the importance of multinational corporations are regarded as more important compared to domestic enterprises (Badger,2014). International brands have become very popular with the masses as they take a center stage in the consumption cultures across the world. Moreover, political power has been transformed with the emergence of super regional blocs such as the United Nations and the European Union (Forgues, 2013). On the other hand, the media and entertainment industries have been increasingly globalized, leading to the formation of trends and opinions, which are largely shaped by the global culture. Such global trend in media and entertainment driven by a global culture has led to the loss of national identity as ethnic cultures seem to lose meaning in preference for a global culture. With increased globalization, identity is now more fluid, as characterised by the declining powers of Nation-state. The predatory market force that globalization provides has made it a challenge for governments to protect its people from the powerful forces that transcend international borders. With increased globalization, nations tend to become weaker and less relevant (Starrs, 2013). Further, globalization has been characterized by a strong wave of immigration and cultural integration. As people move into new societies with different values and belief systems, the meaning of national identity is largely transformed. National identity gives individuals a sense of belonging, but then, globalization makes the sense of belonging more important as people become assimilated into an international society governed by international systems and structures. Despite the significant impact of globalization on nationalism, there are still proponents who argue that the concept of nationalism is deep-rooted in the society such that it cannot be possib ly diminished. Nations have deep roots in their identity that are defined by their political, social, economic, and cultural identities that are very powerful and resistant to external influence (Knight, 2015). As such, globalization does not denote the end of nationalism, and the widespread cosmopolitan culture across the world today is not likely to impact on the masses in the same force drawn from nationalism. Extreme nationalism arises because societies want to safeguard their national heritage from external influence and control, which is presumably brought forth by globalization. The thrivingnationalmovement, even amidst widespread globalization, does not imply that the role of nationalism in influencing political decisions is decreasing. The primordial approach to nationalism is based on the notion that nations are not influenced by social constructs and changing contexts in the society, as argued from the modernist standpoint. Nationalism is a true reflection of identity and belonging as it embodies pre-existing ethnicity. This implies that nationalism is deep rooted in human societ...

A Professional Philosophy For Teaching Family And Consumer...

Courtney Wood April 5, 2015 A Professional Philosophy for Teaching Family and Consumer Sciences Teaching is not merely about methods used and material presented in the classroom, but about shaping students’ lives to help them construct a firm foundation for a successful future. I desire to teach my students basic life skills as well as challenge them to set and reach their highest goals. Thinking about teaching and learning The purpose of education is to prepare students for their futures with both knowledge as well as fundamental life skills. I believe students are highly capable beings who have a desire to be productively challenged. To empower students to meet and exceed high expectations set forth by the state, school, or teacher, it is imperative that educators â€Å"teach for enduring understanding through partnerships and by drawing on brain-based education, students multiple intelligences, and culturally appropriate curriculum innovations† (Laster and Johnson). Beyond guaranteeing students can read, write, and perform basic math functions, we should be producing graduates who are responsible individuals positively contributing to society, reliable workers, and devoted family members. Whether students receive a scholarship to attend college or go to work immediately following graduation, we must train them to conduct themselves with integrity, have an admirable work ethic, and solve c hallenging problems they may face throughout their lives. In order to enableShow MoreRelatedAdvancing Rural Healthcare: The APN Educator’s Ways and Means1892 Words   |  8 Pageshealthcare in the United States, properly forming an answer requires the separation of healthcare by geography, demographics, and economics. These factors influence the quality and availability of services and resources available to clients and professionals. 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Conflict Management Actual Decision Making

Question: Describe about the Conflict Management for Actual Decision Making. Answer: 1. The various remedies whereby the conflict of interest could be avoided by the members are highlighted below. Disclosure of the underlying conflict of interest in a given situation to the fellow members so that the others are not influenced and can maintain a partial stance. In situations where a potential conflict of interest may be avoided, the member must not act as an influencer or decision maker and seem to minimise direct or indirect participation in deliberations and actual decision making. Advantages of Partnership Capital Due to the nature of the business, the partners will fund the business with start up capital. This means that the more partners there are, the more money they can put into the business, which will allow better flexibility and more potential for growth. It also means more potential profit, which will be equally shared between the partners. Flexibility A partnership is generally easier to form, manage and run. They are less strictly regulated than companies, in terms of the laws governing the formation and because the partners have the only say in the way the business is run (without interference by shareholders) they are far more flexible in terms of management, as long as all the partners can agree. Shared Responsibility Partners can share the responsibility of the running of the business. This will allow them to make the most of their abilities. Rather than splitting the management and taking an equal share of each business task, they might well split the work according to their skills. So if one partner is good with figures, they might deal with the book keeping and accounts, while the other partner might have a flare for sales and therefore be the main sales person for the business. Decision Making Partners share the decision making and can help each other out when they need to. More partners means more brains that can be picked for business ideas and for the solving of problems that the business encounters. Disadvantages of Partnership Disagreements One of the most obvious disadvantages of partnership is the danger of disagreements between the partners. Obviously people are likely to have different ideas on how the business should be run, who should be doing what and what the best interests of the business are. This can lead to disagreements and disputes which might not only harm the business, but also the relationship of those involved. This is why it is always advisable to draft a deed of partnership during the formation period to ensure that everyone is aware of what procedures will be in place in case of disagreement and what will happen if the partnership is dissolved. Agreement Because the partnership is jointly run, it is necessary that all the partners agree with things that are being done. This means that in some circumstances there are less freedoms with regards to the management of the business. Especially compared to sole traders. However, there is still more flexibility than with limited companies where the directors must bow to the will of the members (shareholders). Liability Ordinary Partnerships are subject to unlimited liability, which means that each of the partners shares the liability and financial risks of the business. Which can be off putting for some people. This can be countered by the formation of a limited liability partnership, which benefits from the advantages of limited liability granted to limited companies, while still taking advantage of the flexibility of the partnership model. Taxation One of the major disadvantages of partnership, taxation laws mean that partners must pay tax in the same way as sole traders, each submitting aSelf Assessmenttax return each year. Profit Sharing Partners share the profits equally. This can lead to inconsistency where one or more partners arent putting a fair share of effort into the running or management of the business, but still reaping the rewards. 2. A legal concept that separates the personality of a corporation from the personalities of its shareholders, and protects them from being personally liable for the company's debts and other obligations. This protection is not ironclad or impenetrable. Where a court determines that a company's business was not conducted in accordance with the provisions of corporate legislation (or that it was just a faade for illegal activities) it may hold the shareholders personally liable for the company's obligations under the legal concept of lifting the corporate veil. In this regard Section 588G and 588V are significant which tend to place responsibility of insolvency on the directors of the company and holding company respectively provided if some necessary conditions are satisfied. 3. Piercing the corporate veilorlifting the corporate veilis a legal decision to treat the rights or duties of acorporationas the rights or liabilities of itsshareholders. Usually a corporation is treated as aseparate legal person, which is solely responsible for the debts it incurs and the sole beneficiary of the credit it is owed.Common lawcountries usually uphold this principle of separatepersonhood, but in exceptional situations may "pierce" or "lift" the corporate veil. A simple example would be where a businessman has left his job as a director and has signed acontractto not compete with the company he has just left for a period of time. If he sets up a company which competed with his former company, technically it would be the company and not the person competing. But it is likely a court would say that the new company was just a "sham", a "cover" or some other phrase and would still allow the old company to sue the man for breach of contract. In this context, section 588G and 588 V of the Corporations Act 2001 assume significance. Section 588 imposes a duty upon directors to prevent a company from engaging in insolvent trading and leads to breach of duty in case such a debt is assumed by the director acting in negligence or fraud. Similarly, Section 588V creates the liability for the holding company when the following conditions are satisfied. the company was a holding company of the subsidiary at the time the debts were incurred by the subsidiary; and the subsidiary was insolvent when it incurred the debts; and at the time there were reasonable grounds for suspecting insolvency; and the holding company or at least one of its directors were aware of the grounds for suspecting insolvency, or having regard to the nature and extent of the corporations control over the companys affairs and to any other relevant circumstances, it was reasonable to expect the holding company or one of its directors to be aware of the grounds for suspecting insolvency; and that time is at or after the commencement of this Act. 4. The following are the major differences between debt and equity: Debt is the companys liability which needs to be paid off after a specific period. Money raised by the company by issuing shares to the generalpublic, which can be kept for a long period is known as Equity. Debt is the borrowed fund while Equity is owned fund. Debt reflects money owed by the company towards another person or entity. Conversely, Equity reflects the capital owned by the company. Debt can be kept for a limited period and should be repaid back after the expiry of that term. On the other hand, Equity can be kept for a long period. Debt holders are the creditors whereas equity holders are the owners of the company. Debt carries low risk as compared to Equity. Debt can be in the form of term loans, debentures, and bonds, but Equity can be in the form of shares and stock. Return on debt is known as interest which is a charge against profit. In contrast to the return on equity is called as a dividend which is an appropriationof profit. Return on debt is fixed and regular, but it is just opposite in the case of return on equity. Debt can be secured or unsecured, whereas equity is always unsecured. 5. Yes, ASIC has the authority to undertake both civil and criminal penalty against the defaulting directors. Criminal actions are usually referred to the Department of Public Prosecutions, or DPP, to conduct the prosecution. Under this arrangement, ASIC is obliged to provide to the DPP all material it has gathered that may be relevant to the defendants' defence in a criminal trial. However, the regulator will sometimes prosecute minor regulatory infractions of the law itself. This has led to speculation that ASIC prefers to bring civil proceedings it can undertake itself, rather than criminal ones it must hand over to the DPP, in matters where both are available. The regulator has strenuously denied these claims. Civil action can lead not just to penalties, but also to court orders for injunctive relief, corrective action, compensation, and drastically, the winding up of insolvent companies. Because ASIC can bring criminal proceedings for conduct for which it has already obtained a criminal penalty (section 1317P Corporations Act), it will occasionally take civil action as an interim prote ctive measure, while investigation of possible criminal matters is still on foot. Some of the relevant cases where such actions have been prompted by ASIC against directors are given below. ASIC v Vizard (2005) 54 acsr 394 ASIC v Rich Ors (2003) 44 ASCR 341 ASIC v Vines [2006] NSWSC760. 6. In the given case, ASIC demanded that certain documents be furnished by the defendants in relation to an ongoing investigation but a waiver by granted in this regard by the honourable judge who himself vetted the documents submitted by the defendant and ruled that the company itself is carrying an investigation against the culprit firm and disclosing of the documents related to the ongoing investigation to ASIC would disclose the name of the informers and other confidential information which would impair ASICs ability to extract reliable data from the culprit firm. The relevant rule which acts as a guide is stated below. "Sankey v Whitlam establishes that when one party to litigation seeks the production of documents, and objection is taken that it would be against the public interest to produce them, the court is required to consider two conflicting aspects of the public interest, namely whether harm would be done by the production of the documents, and whether the administration of justice would be frustrated or impaired if the documents were withheld, and to decide which of those aspects predominates. The final step in this process - the balancing exercise - can only be taken when it appears that both aspects of the public interest do require consideration - i.e., when it appears, on the one hand, that damage would be done to the public interest by producing the documents sought or documents of that class, and, on the other hand, that there are or are likely to be documents which contain material evidence. The court can then consider the nature of the injury which the nation or the public service would be likely to suffer, and the evidentiary value and importance of the documents in the particular litigation. 7. The company itself can bring a claim against the erring director if it can show that it has suffered some loss. If the director has made some personal profit, they can be required to surrender the gain to the company. A contract or other arrangement entered into by the director in breach of a duty will be void, though it may be open to the company to ratify the agreement if it wishes to do so. The company may also seek: an injunction to stop the director from carrying out or continuing with the breach; damages by way of compensation where the director has been negligent; restoration of the companys property; the rescinding of a contract in which the director had an undisclosed interest. Claims by a company are often retrospective, brought by members of the existing board against their predecessors. Also, shareholders may also initiate action against the erring directors. For this, a shareholder dissatisfied with a boards lack of action against an errant director must issue a claim in the name of the company and request the courts permission to take it forward. A successful shareholder will be allowed to pursue the claim (with the company footing the bill), but the court has a wide discretion to adjourn the case to gather evidence from the company itself. An unsuccessful shareholder risks paying the other parties costs and an order restraining further action 8. Receivership functions Receivership is an extraordinary remedy, the purpose of which is to preserve property during thetime needed to prosecute a lawsuit, if a danger is present that such property will be dissipated orremoved from the jurisdiction of the court if a receiver is not appointed. Receivership takes placethrough a court order and is utilized only in exceptional circumstances and with or without theconsent of the owner of the property. Defacto directors De factodirectors typically fall into one of the following three categories: (i) persons who are properly elected but lack some qualification under the relevant company law that disqualifies them from legally being directors; (ii) former directors whose term of office has expired but who have continued to act as directors; or (iii) those who simply assume the role of director without any pretense of legal qualification. One of the most often-cited definitions of ade factodirector is in the case ofRe Hydrodam (Corby) Ltd., [1994] 2 B.C.L.C. 180. The Courts have recently had the opportunity to address the test forde factodirectors. In the English case ofElsworth Ethanol v. Ensus,[2014] EWHC 99, the Court confirmed that there is no single test, but listed some of the non-exhaustive factors that should be considered in order to determine if an individual is ade factodirector: Whether an individual (the putativede factodirector) was acting with one or more "true directors" on an equal footing in directing the affairs of the corporation; Whether there was a holding out by the company of the individual as a director; Whether the individual used the title of director; and Whether the individual was part of thecorporategoverning structure, being the system by which the company is directed and controlled. Disabilities of the company The major disability in relation to the company is that it that it requires agents in the form of management to run the business. The company even though is a legal structure but cannot take any decisions on the own. Further, the agents of the owners have a liability for the action of the employees even if they act in bad faith as the interest of the third party is paramount. Vicarious liability Vicarious liability is a legal doctrine that assigns liability for an injury to a person who did not causethe injury but who has a particular legal relationship to the person who did act negligently. It is alsoreferred to as imputed Negligence. Ordinarily the independent negligence of one person is not imputable to another person. In context of a company, it implies that the implications of the act of the employees would have to be borne by the employer or the firm for which the employee was acting as a agent irrespective of the fact whether the employee was acting in congruence to the instructions given by the company or not. Corporate Liability The legal responsibility of a corporation for criminal actions, or the failure to act in some cases, committed by the company's employees. If the actions were done for the benefit of the company, are a result of negligence or if they occurred due to a lack of responsible management by the company, the corporation can be prosecuted and punished. Duty of care of directors Directors are required to exercise their power with competence (or skill) and diligence in the best interests of the corporation. They owe what is called a "fiduciary duty" to the corporation. The duty is a "fiduciary" duty because the obligation to act in the best interests of the corporation, at its core, is an obligation of loyalty, honesty and good faith. Modern corporations statutes governing business corporations provide a concise formulation of the fiduciary obligation owed by directors. Directors' fiduciary duties can be divided into two main branches: Duty of care and duty of loyalty The duty of care imposes on directors a duty of competence or skill - i.e., a requirement to act with a certain level of skill; and a duty of diligence. The duty of skill and diligence must be performed to a certain "standard of care". In the Australian context, there are a plethora of duties that are bestowed on directors such as Section 180, 181, 184, 588G etc. Cores and Statutes It refers to the combination of the common law which is the core and the statute law which are to be deployed in a particular situation and matter so that a holistic picture emerges of the underlying situation which considers the host of underlying issues which may not be addressed by either one of the above. Member Remedies These are the remedies that are available to the members so that they can safeguard their legal and valid interests. One of the remedies available is against oppression which is particularly useful for minority shareholders especially since the board is dominated by the major shareholders but even minority shareholders to initiate debates and enquire about a particular aspect of the company.

Essay Topics - Basic Guidelines

Essay Topics - Basic GuidelinesYou can write a more original and unique advertisement essay topic, but it requires you to be more creative and resourceful. When it comes to essay topics, it is important to learn all the right things and perform all the appropriate actions to provide yourself with a great deal of materials.It would be ideal for you to start with some sort of experience, as this will help you a lot in writing your essay topics. The experience you have obtained from your previous experiences in life or your accomplishments in your workplace will surely help you come up with a better and unique subject matter. However, you must not limit yourself to the subjects that you know or which are related to your experience.When it comes to essay topics, many people tend to limit themselves to too much. They do not put their full creativity and effort in coming up with new topics. This is a very dangerous action because, there are many ways on how you can be creative while writin g your topics. Try to avoid doing this and always look for topics that are not familiar to you and can bring out your creativity.The best way on how to write a topic that will be different from others is to stick to a few ideas that you can think of to be related to the subjects that you are going to cover in your essay topics. But, when it comes to essay topics, the topic must be significant to the essay itself and should not just become an afterthought.Writing a paper for college is a good idea to make it even more interesting and should provide you with a lot of chances to gain knowledge about the subject matter that you are covering. So, it is better to organize your thoughts first and try to stick to a topic that is not that much familiar to you, if it is not, you will be stuck in the middle, and you will not gain anything.Another thing to keep in mind is that all the things that you need to include must be taken from a good basis. It is important that all the necessary informa tion must be included and there is no room for any loopholes. If you want to make sure that your essay topic is original and the information is fresh, you need to get all the required information and use them properly.And another thing to consider is that, if you are going to include certain things, you should be able to give a decent explanation why it is important and what it does to the topic. This is very important as you need to convince the readers by explaining the reasons behind your point of view.These are the most basic guidelines that you should follow to be able to write a better essay topics. If you do not follow them, then you should stop and find out the reason why they are not being followed.